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Resistance Alloys (Electric resistance & heating alloys)

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Main applications

Chip resistors, Shunt resistors, heaters, heating elements, and more


Product size range

Thickness: 0.030mm-2.5mm  

Width  : 3.0mm-300mm

 
Manufacturing sites

JAPAN SHANGHAI


  • Product overview Features
  • Standards & Chemical composition
  • Tokkin Advantages
  • Physical Properties Mechanical properties
  • Other

Overview & Properties

The precision of thickness affects the precision of resistance in resistance alloys.

We guarantee a high degree of thickness precision by using different rolling mills for different purposes.

What's more, we are also able to adjust conductor resistance values by utilizing our advanced thickness control capabilities.

 

What are electrical resistance alloys?

While all metals conduct electricity, the ease with which electricity flows through a particular metal (electrical conductivity) is affected by chemical composition and other factors. Electrical resistance alloys are alloys for which the composition has been adjusted so as to impede the flow of electricity.

 

Tokkin Designation

Alloy Code

Name

Features

NCH-1

(Ni80Cr20)

GNC108R

Electrical resistance nickel-chromium alloys for general use

(JIS C 2532)

High grade of resistance alloy with high resistance; low temperature coefficient of resistance; and good heat and corrosion resistance. Has poor brazeability and solderability.

NCH-2

GNC112R

Evanohm R ®*1

Highest grade of resistance alloy with high resistance. Has low temperature coefficient of resistance, and good heat and corrosion resistance.

CN30

GCN30R

Electrical resistance copper-nickel alloys for general use

(JIS C 2532)

Resistance alloy with medium resistance properties. Has comparatively low temperature coefficient of resistance, and good workability and weldability.

CN49

(CuNi44)

GCN49R

MANGANIN®*2

GCM44

Electrical resistance copper-manganese alloys for general use

(JIS C 2532)

Resistance alloy with medium resistance properties and comparatively low temperature coefficient of resistance. Has poor corrosion and oxidation resistance, but good workability and weldability.

ZERANIN®*2 30

Resistance alloy with low resistance properties. Suited to use in high-current sensing resistors, and has good workability and weldability.

*1  Registered trademark of Carpenter Technology Corporation . 

*2  Registered trademark of Isabellenhutte. 

 

What are electrical heating alloys?

When electricity is applied to an object, the object emits heat. As the formula below shows, the higher the electrical resistance, the greater the amount of heat emitted. Heating alloys are a metal materials that have high electrical resistance and are used to produce heat.

  Q = RI2T Q: Amount of heat emitted (J), R: Electrical resistance (Ω), I: Current (A), T: time (s)

 

Tokkin Designation

Alloy Code

Name

Features

NCH-1

NCHRW1

Nickel-chromium alloys for electrical heating

(JIS C 2520)

Excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength. Use in sulfide gas, and in hot and humid reducing atmospheres should be avoided.

NCH-2

NCHRW2

FCH-1

FCHRW1

Iron-chromium alloys for electrical heating

(JIS C 2520)

Recommended for use in high temperatures. Has good oxidation resistance, but high-temperature strength is inferior to NCH.

FCH-2

FCHRW2

CN10

GCN10R

Electrical resistance copper-nickel alloys for general use

(JIS C 2532)

Resistance alloy with low resistance properties. Specification temperature is low, but workability and weldability are good.

CN15

GCN15R

TJR-1

Ferritic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance. Can be used as substitute grade for FCH-1 (to help reduce costs).

TNR-2

Ferritic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance. Can be used as substitute grade for FCH-2 (to help reduce costs). Can also be used in sulfide gas.

Chemical composition

 Electric resistance alloy

Product 

Name

Alloy

Code

Chemical composition(%)

Density

C

Si

Mn

Cu

Al

Cr

Ni

Sn

Fe

Other

[g/cm3

NCH-1

GCN108

≦0.15

0.75~1.6

≦2.5

 

 

19~21

77≦

 

≦1.0

 

8.4

NCH-2*1

GCN112

≦0.15

0.75~1.6

≦1.5

 

 

15~18

57≦

 

Bal.

 

8.3

Evanohm®2 R

-

 

1

1

2

2.5

20

73.5

 

 

 

8.1

CN30

GCN30

 

 

≦1.5

 

 

 

20~25

 

 

Cu+Ni+Mn 99≦

8.9

CN49

GCN49

 

 

0.5~2.5

 

 

 

42~48

 

 

Cu+Ni+Mn 99≦

8.9

MANGANIN®*3

GCM44

 

 

10~13

 

 

 

1~4

 

 

Cu+Ni+Mn 98≦

8.4

ZERANIN®*3 30

-

 

 

7

Bal.

 

 

 

2.3

 

 

8.5

TJR-1
(Stainless steel)
-

≤0.015

≤1.0

≤1.0

 

4.5~6

19~21

 

 

Bal.

P≤0.04, S≤0.03

7.3

*1  NCH-2 is not available in coil or plate.

*2  Registered trademark of Carpenter Technology Corporation . 

*3  Registered trademark of Isabellenhutte. 

 

Electric heating alloy

Product
Name

Alloy
Code

Chemical composition(%)

Density

C

Si

Mn

P

S

Al

Cr

Ni

Fe

g/cm3

NCH-1

GNC108

≦0.15

0.75~1.6

≦2.5

 

 

 

19~21

77≦

≦1.0

8.4

NCH-2*

GNC112

≦0.15

0.75~1.6

≦1.5

 

 

 

15~18

57≦

Bal.

8.3

FCH-1*

FCHRW1

≦0.10

≦1.5

≦1.0

 

 

4~6

23~26

 

Bal.

7.2

FCH-2*

FCHRW2

≦0.10

≦1.5

≦1.0

 

 

2~4

17~21

 

Bal.

7.4

CN5

GCN5

 

 

≤1.0

Cu+Ni+Mn ≥99

0.5~3

 

8.9

CN10

GCN10

 

 

≦1.0

Cu+Ni+Mn ≥99

4~7

 

8.9

CN15

GCN15

 

 

≦1.0

Cu+Ni+Mn ≥99

8~12  

8.9

TJH-1
(Stainless steels)

-

≦0.015

≦1.0

≦1.0

≦0.04

≦0.03

4.5~6

19~21

 

Bal.

7.3

*NCH-2, FCH-1 and FCH-2 are not available in coil or plate.

Standard

※Equivalent Alloy

Type

TOKKIN

Designation

Other name

(Equivalent alloy)

Germany

China

Japan

DIN

GB

JIS

Ni-Cr alloy

NCH-1

ISA-CHROM 80

Ni80Cr20

NICHROME

NiCr8020

2080
Cr20Ni80

NCHRW1
GNC108R

NCH-2

ISA-CHROM 60

NiCr6015

1560
Cr15Ni60

NCHRW2
GNC112R

Ni-Cr-Al alloy

Evanohm R ®*1

ISAOHM

NiCr20AlSi

---

---

Cu-Ni alloy

CN10

ALLOY 60

CuNi6

B5

GCN10R

CN15

ALLOY 90

CuNi10

BFe10-1-1

GCN15R

CN20

ALLOY 127

CuNi15

BAl13-3

GCN20R

CN30

ISAZIN

CuNi23Mn

B25

GCN30R

CN49

ISOTAN

CuNi44

6J40

GCN49R

Cu-Mn-Ni

alloy

MANGANIN®*2

MANGANIN

CuMn12Ni

6J12
6J13

GCM44

Cu-Mn-Sn

alloy

ZERANIN® *2 30

ZERANIN 30

CuMn7Sn

6J8

---

Fe-Cr-Al alloy

TJR-1

Resistohm

CrAl255

0Cr25Al5

FCH-1

*1  Registered trademark of Carpenter Technology Corporation . 

*2  Registered trademark of Isabellenhutte. 

Tokkin Advantages

 High-precision thickness tolerance guaranteed

In resistance alloys, variation in thickness affects resistance.

We use the technologies that we have developed over the years to provide products with guaranteed high-precision thickness tolerance.

 

 Conductor resistance adjusted to suit your requirements

We measure the conductor resistance of our resistance alloys using the thickness of products that will be delivered to you.

*Be aware that it may not be possible to measure conductor resistance in some cases depending on product size.

We guarantee the conductor resistance of our products upon request. Contact us for more information.

*We can guarantee either thickness or conductor resistance.

 

 Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) guaranteed

Depending on the material, we can guarantee temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR).

Example: ZERANIN® 30:  20°C–60°C ±10 ppm

 

 Hardness adjusted to suit your requirements

We can adjust hardness to suit your requirements through a combination of cold rolling and heat treatment processes.

 

 Small-lot production

In most cases we accept orders of resistance alloys in lots of 50 kg and up.

*We are also happy to consider orders for prototypes and similar products in lots of less than 50 kg. Please contact us for more information.

 

 Ultrathin foils

We can manufacture products as thin as 0.030 mm (30 µm.)

We respond to market needs for smaller and thinner products.

Features

Electric resistance alloy

Type

TOKKIN

Designation

Physical properties (central value)

Electrical Resistivity

(μΩ・m)

Temperature coefficient of electrical resistance *1

(PPM/℃)

Hardness *2

(HV)

Electrical resistance Ni-Cr alloys for general use

NCH-1

1.08

50
[23~100℃]

≦250

NCH-2

1.12

150
[23~100℃]

≦250

---

Evanohm R ®*1

1.33

about 25
[25~125℃]

≦220

Electrical resistance Cu-Ni alloys for general use

CN30

0.30

about 180
[20~105℃]

≦120

CN49

0.49

-80~40
[20~105℃]

≦120

Electrical resistance Cu-Mn alloys for general use

MANGANIN®*2

0.44

±20
[20~50℃]

≦120

---

ZERANIN®*2 30

0.29

±10
[20~60℃]

≦120

*1 [Temperature range(℃)]

*2 Annealed finish condition.

 

Electric heating alloy

Type

TOKKIN

Designation

Physical properties (central value)

Electrical Resistivity

(μΩ・m)

Maximum operating temperature (℃)

Hardness *1

(HV)

Ni-Cr alloys for electrical heating

NCH-1

1.08

1,100

≦250

NCH-2

1.12

1,000

≦250

Fe-Cr alloys for electrical heating

FCH-1

1.42

1,200

≦250

FCH-2

1.23

1,100

≦250

Electrical resistance Cu-Ni alloys for general use

CN10

0.10

300

≦120

CN15

0.15

400

≦120

---

TJR-1

1.42

1,150

≦250

---

TNR-2

1.15

1,200

≦220

*1 Annealed finish condition.

 

Adjusting Conductor Resistance

We can adjust conductor resistance to suit your requirements.

As shown below, conductor resistance changes—even for the same material—according to product dimensions (thickness and width) and product softness (thermal refining).

By controlling these factors, we are able to achieve high-precision conductor resistance.

 • What is Volume resistivity?

   Volume resistivity is an intrinsic physical property of a material, and is measured in μΩ·m. It is affected by the compositional variation of each molten lot.

 • What is conductor resistance?

   Conductor resistance is the resistance per meter of rerolled product. It is measured in Ω/m.

 


 The relationship between volume resistivity (ρ) and conductor resistance (R), can be expressed as:

   Conductor resistance (R) = Volume resistivity (ρ) / [Thickness (t) x Width (w)]


 

Heating Element Design

The amount of heat is determined by product dimensions (thickness and width), volume resistivity (ρ), and coefficient of resistance increase.

Let us known the grade and dimensions you require and we will propose a solution for you.

 


 The relationship between the amount of heat (Q), volume resistivity (ρ), and coefficient of resistance increase, can be expressed as:

   Amount of heat (Q) = RI2T = I2·T·ρ·k/(t·w)

      R: Electrical resistance (Ω) ρ: Volume resistivity (μ·Ωm) k: Coefficient of resistance increase

      I: Current (A) T: Time (s) t: Thickness (mm) w: Width (mm)


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